| Burst Type | Altitude | Primary Effect | Fallout Production | Likely Target |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Air Burst | Thousands of feet AGL | Maximum blast/thermal damage radius; reflects off ground increasing destructive power | Minimal — most fallout dissipates at altitude | Cities; large population centers; maximize casualties |
| Surface Burst | At or near ground level | Cratering; massive quantities of earth/debris irradiated and lofted | Extreme — produces dense local and downwind fallout field | Hardened silos; command bunkers; bridges; dams |
| Sub-Surface Burst | Below ground | Cratering; seismic effect; strong ground shock | Extreme — nearly all fallout deposited locally | Deep hardened bunkers; underground facilities |
| High Altitude Burst (HEMP) | 30+ miles (50+ km) | Minimal blast/thermal at surface; massive EMP covering continental scale | Negligible surface fallout | Electronic infrastructure; power grid; communications; GPS |
| Underwater Burst | Below water surface | Highly radioactive base surge; contaminated water column | High — radiological contamination of water | Naval targets; port facilities |
| Component | Effect | Mitigation |
|---|---|---|
| Power grid / long lines | Induced surge causes transformer destruction; extended outage possible | Faraday enclosures; surge protectors (limited); unplug during attack |
| Vehicle electronics | Post-1980 vehicles may be disabled; older vehicles (pre-computer) more resilient | Keep older backup vehicle; avoid driving during/after nuclear detonation |
| Communications | Radios, cell towers, repeaters damaged; may permanently disable ham infrastructure | EMP-shielded gear in Faraday cage; keep spare HT in metal ammo can lined with foam |
| Medical devices | Pacemakers, insulin pumps, implanted electronics at risk | No reliable mitigation; medical contingency planning required |
| Human body | Minimal direct risk to unshielded human body from EMP alone | N/A — not a direct physiological threat |
| Agent | Primary Hazard | Signs/Symptoms | Immediate Action |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chlorine | Choking; pulmonary damage | Burning eyes/throat; coughing; choking; yellow-green cloud; bleach odor | Evacuate upwind; shelter in place above grade; flush eyes/skin with water |
| Ammonia | Corrosive; respiratory | Intense nasal/throat irritation; coughing; pungent odor; pulmonary edema at high dose | Evacuate; flush with water; do NOT induce vomiting if ingested |
| Hydrogen Fluoride | Corrosive; systemic fluoride toxicity | Severe burns not initially painful; systemic hypocalcemia; cardiac arrhythmia | Calcium gluconate gel to affected area; immediate medical care |
| Chlorine Trifluoride | Extreme oxidizer; fire risk | Severe burns; ignites most materials spontaneously; extremely hazardous | Full PPE; avoid water; evacuate immediately |
| Indicator | Natural Outbreak | Deliberate Attack |
|---|---|---|
| Case clustering | Geographic spread over time; follows epidemiological curve | Simultaneous onset in multiple geographic areas; explosion of cases |
| Agent type | Endemic agents; seasonal patterns | Unusual agent for region; eradicated pathogen (smallpox); unusual route |
| Population affected | Affects vulnerable populations first (elderly, immunocompromised) | All demographics affected equally; healthy young adults as casualties |
| Animal involvement | Zoonotic diseases show concurrent animal die-off | Humans only; or deliberate animal contamination to mask attack |
| Downwind pattern | No consistent directional spread | Cases follow prevailing wind; aligned with release point |
| Antibiotic resistance | Normal resistance patterns | May show engineered resistance; unusual drug resistance profile |
| Type | Charge | Range in Air | Shielded By | Primary Hazard | Detection |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alpha (α) | Positive (+2) | 1-3 inches | Sheet of paper; skin; clothes | Internal — inhalation/ingestion; extremely damaging inside body to adjacent cells | Alpha counter at close range; not detected through most materials |
| Beta (β) | Negative (-1) | Up to 30 feet | Aluminum; plastic; heavy clothing | External (skin/eyes) and Internal; more penetrating than alpha but less organ damage per event | Geiger-Mueller detector |
| Gamma (γ) | None (photon) | Hundreds of meters | Dense materials: lead, concrete, thick earth; no defined max range | External whole-body; most dangerous external radiation; penetrates most shielding | Geiger counter; dosimeter |
| Neutron (n) | None | Thousands of feet | Hydrogenated materials: water, polyethylene, concrete | External; activates non-radioactive materials into radioactive; secondary contamination source | Specialized neutron detectors |
| X-Ray | None (photon) | Large distances | Lead; steel; concrete | External; lower energy than gamma; significant in HEMP/nuclear detonation | Dosimeter; film badge |
| Material | Halving Thickness | 10x HVL = 1/1024 exposure | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lead | 0.4 in (1 cm) | 4 inches (10 cm) | Best per weight; impractical for large shelter construction |
| Steel | 1 in (2.5 cm) | 10 inches (25 cm) | Good for doors, safe room walls |
| Concrete | 2.4 in (6 cm) | 24 inches (60 cm) | Primary shelter material; basement walls provide significant protection |
| Packed Soil / Earth | 3.6 in (9 cm) | 36 inches (90 cm) | Best available material for improvised shelters; earthen berms |
| Water | 7.2 in (18 cm) | 72 inches (6 ft) | Good for supplemental shielding; water-filled containers alongside walls |
| Wood | 11 in (28 cm) | 110 inches (~9 ft) | Minimal protection alone; useful only in large mass |
| Dose (Rad / Gy) | Syndrome | Onset | Symptoms | Survival w/o Treatment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| <25 rad / 0.25 Gy | Subclinical | None | No symptoms; minor blood changes possible; long-term cancer risk slightly elevated | Normal |
| 75-125 rad / 0.75-1.25 Gy | Mild ARS | Hours | Mild nausea, vomiting, fatigue; resolves in days; temporary blood count reduction | ~100% |
| 200-350 rad / 2-3.5 Gy | Moderate ARS | 2-6 hrs | Nausea/vomiting, hair loss beginning ~2 wks, infection risk, bleeding tendency; latent period then illness | ~80-95% |
| 400-500 rad / 4-5 Gy | Severe ARS (LD50) | 1-2 hrs | Severe symptoms; bone marrow failure; hemorrhage; sepsis; 50% die without treatment | ~50% (LD50) |
| 600-800 rad / 6-8 Gy | Very Severe ARS | <1 hr | Profound bone marrow failure; severe GI damage; hemorrhage; sepsis; survival unlikely without advanced care | ~5-20% |
| >1000 rad / 10+ Gy | CNS Syndrome | Minutes | Immediate incapacitation; seizures; CV collapse; ataxia; death within 1-3 days | 0% |
| Phase | Timing | Signs & Symptoms | Action |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prodromal (Initial) | Minutes to hours | Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, weakness, fatigue, loss of appetite; severity indicates dose received | Document onset time; seek shelter; assess dose if dosimeter available |
| Latent | Hours to weeks | Apparent recovery; patient may feel well; bone marrow being destroyed silently | Do not assume recovery; continue monitoring; maintain hydration and hygiene |
| Manifest Illness | 1-4 weeks | Hair loss; fever; infection (immune collapse); bleeding (platelet depletion); diarrhea; may be fatal | Antibiotics for infection; fluids; anti-nausea meds (Ondansetron); wound care; isolation from further exposure |
| Recovery or Death | Weeks to months | Survivors begin recovery if dose sub-lethal; partial immune reconstitution; may take 6+ months | Continued supportive care; avoid re-exposure; nutritional support |
| Age Group | KI Dose (130mg tablet) | Timing | Duration | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adults >18 yrs | 130 mg (1 full tablet) | 30 min to 24 hrs prior to exposure | Once daily for 7-10 days | Highest priority: pregnant women and lactating mothers |
| Children 3-18 yrs (<150 lbs) | 65 mg (1/2 tablet) | Same | Same | Children most at risk for thyroid cancer; treat first if supply limited |
| Toddlers 1 month to 3 yrs | 32 mg (1/4 tablet) | Same | Same | Crush and mix with food/liquid |
| Infants <1 month | 16 mg (1/8 tablet) | Same | Same | Extreme care; use only if imminent exposure |
| Large dogs (>50 lbs) | 65 mg | Same | Same | Alton recommendation; not FDA-approved |
| Small dogs / cats | 32 mg | Same | Same | Crush into food |
BETADINE ALTERNATIVE (Alton): 2% Povidone-Iodine (Betadine) painted on abdomen or forearm 2-12 hours prior to exposure and re-applied daily provides some thyroid protection. Adults: 8 ml. Children 3+ (<150 lbs): 4 ml. Toddlers: 2 ml. Infants: 1 ml. Do NOT ingest Betadine. Discontinue after 3 days or when I-131 levels drop. Seafood-allergic individuals may be iodine-allergic.
| Time After Detonation | Relative Radiation Level | Approximate Dose Rate (1 MT surface burst, 1 mi from center) | Shelter Action |
|---|---|---|---|
| H+1 hour | 100% (reference) | 1,000-10,000+ r/hr at heavy fallout zone | REMAIN SHELTERED — lethal within minutes to hours |
| H+7 hours | 10% | 100-1,000 r/hr in heavy fallout zone | REMAIN SHELTERED |
| H+24 hours (1 day) | ~2% | Still dangerous in heavy fallout zone | SHELTERED — brief forays only with dosimetry |
| H+48 hours (2 days) | ~1% | Decreasing; dependent on initial dose and local contamination | MINIMUM SHELTER PERIOD — consider exit only if necessary |
| H+2 weeks (14 days) | 0.1% | 1/1,000th of initial; generally manageable with PPE for short exposures | CAUTIOUS EGRESS POSSIBLE — field monitor required |
| H+14 weeks | 0.01% | 1/10,000th of initial | MOST SHORT-LIVED ISOTOPES DECAYED |
| Dose Rate Contour | Downwind Extent | Cross-Wind Width | Approximate Area | Lethality |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1,000 r/hr | 37 miles | 2.4 miles | 211 sq mi | Lethal within 30-60 min unsheltered |
| 100 r/hr | 104 miles | 21 miles | 2,963 sq mi | Lethal within hours to days unsheltered |
| 10 r/hr | 171 miles | 39 miles | 8,817 sq mi | Serious illness; dangerous cumulative dose over days |
| 1 r/hr | 238 miles | 58 miles | 17,765 sq mi | Elevated cancer risk over time; shelter-in-place advisable |
| Scenario | Time Window | Action Required |
|---|---|---|
| Ground burst visible / detonation confirmed | 0-15 minutes | Immediately shelter in best available structure; maximize mass overhead and on all sides |
| Fallout arrival (25 miles downwind) | ~25 minutes | Must be sheltered BEFORE fallout arrives; unsheltered at 25 min = 600 rad cumulative dose (lethal) |
| KI administration | Before or within 4 hours | Take KI immediately upon detonation confirmation; maximum effectiveness within 30 min to 24 hrs prior |
| Minimum shelter duration | 48 hours | Radiation drops to ~1% of initial after 48 hrs; remain sheltered unless evacuation mandatory |
| Optimal shelter duration | 7 days | After 7 days, most short-lived isotopes decayed; safe to conduct brief forays with dosimetry |
| Long-lived isotopes (Cs-137, Sr-90) | 30-year half-life | Persistent soil contamination; avoid ingesting local produce from contaminated zones; water testing required |
Fallout can look like sand, fine dust, or ash — often indistinguishable from ordinary dirt. It may appear luminous at high concentrations due to radiation-induced ionization. It has no distinctive smell. The ONLY way to reliably detect it is with a radiation monitor (Geiger counter / dosimeter). A dosimeter tells you cumulative dose received; a Geiger counter gives real-time dose rate. Both are recommended for shelter kit.
Generates one continuous document with a cover sheet and every section below, each starting on its own page. Print double-sided, hole-punch, and drop into a 3-ring binder. This is the single button to build your complete NBC reference binder.
Every shelter you assessed in Module 02 with its Protection Factor, rating, construction details, and improvement recommendations. Best-shelter summary on top.
Module 03 KI & medical inventory by category: on-hand vs. recommended, percent stocked, status, and expiration flags. Readiness summary at the top.
All four Module 04 action sequences (Nuclear, Chemical, Biological, Radiological) as printable checklists with urgency bands and doctrine notes. Post at the watch station.
Module 05 decontamination procedures (personnel, food/water, equipment, waste) plus your recorded decon event log as a printed table.
Wallet-sized potassium iodide dosing reference by age group, with administration timing and warnings. Print, laminate, tape inside the medical kit.
One-page condensed reference: nuclear effects, the Rule of 7s decay table, chemical agent classes, biological agents, and radiation dose effects.
User Manual
VECTOR is the NBC and fallout planning tool inside the WATCHMAN Suite. It does two jobs. First, it is a reference library: it explains nuclear, chemical, biological, and radiological threats and the actions that keep people alive. Second, it is a planning workbook: you rate your shelters, track your protective and medical supplies, work through response checklists, and log decontamination events. Everything you type stays on this one device. Nothing is sent anywhere.
What's in here
What VECTOR is for
A nuclear, chemical, or biological event is rare, fast, and unforgiving. The people who do well are the ones who decided what to do before it happened: where to shelter, what supplies to keep, and the exact order of actions in the first hour. VECTOR is where you make those decisions and write them down while you have time to think clearly.
You do not need to memorize anything. You work through the modules once during calm times, print the results, and put the paper in your binder. The screen is for planning. The paper is for the event, when the power may be out and the screen may be dark.
What's on your screen
The window has three parts: a top bar, a list of modules down the left, and the working area in the middle. Here is the layout.
- A — Top bar. COMMAND SUITE returns to the WATCHMAN home menu. The gear (⚙) opens Settings, where you can switch between dark and light color modes.
- B — Module list. Click any item to open it. The active one is highlighted green. The numbers (06, 07) show a small badge when the Area Intel Map has pushed items to them.
- C — Working area. This is where you read reference material or fill in your plan. It scrolls.
Your first 15 minutes
Do these five things in order the first time you open VECTOR. You will end up with a real plan and a printed binder.
- Skim Module 01. Open Threat Classification and read the tabs at your own pace. You are building a mental map of the threats, not memorizing them.
- Rate your shelters. In Module 02, add each place you might shelter and answer the simple questions. VECTOR calculates a Protection Factor and tells you how to improve each one.
- Inventory your supplies. In Module 03, type your on-hand counts next to the recommended quantities. Red items are your shopping list.
- Read the protocols. In Module 04, read the Nuclear and Chemical action sequences so the first-hour steps are familiar.
- Print the binder. Go to Generate Docs and click PRINT COMPLETE BINDER. Hole-punch it and you are done.
Threat Classification
This is the reference library. It has six tabs across the top: Nuclear, Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Radiation Physics, and Fallout & Decay. Nothing here is filled in by you; it is built-in knowledge you read and refer back to.
- Nuclear covers weapon types, the four effects (blast, thermal, prompt radiation, EMP), and blast-ring distances.
- Chemical covers nerve, blister, blood, and choking agents with their signs and first actions.
- Biological covers the agents most relevant to planning, such as anthrax and plague, and how they spread.
- Radiological covers the RDD (dirty bomb) and contamination without a nuclear blast.
- Radiation Physics and Fallout & Decay explain dose units and the Rule of 7s, which governs how fast fallout becomes survivable.
Shelter Assessment
This module answers one question for each place you could hide: how much does it cut your radiation dose? That number is the Protection Factor (PF). A PF of 10 means inside you receive one tenth of the outside dose. A PF of 40 is a serious fallout shelter. An earth-covered shelter can reach several hundred.
Adding a shelter
- Click + ADD SHELTER ASSESSMENT. A card opens.
- Give it a name (for example "Basement" or "Interior bathroom").
- Pick the wall and roof material and their thickness, how far below ground it is, whether it is an interior room, and how well it seals. Count the windows and doors.
- VECTOR instantly shows the Protection Factor, a plain-language rating, and a list of improvements.
The Best Shelter bar at the top always shows your highest-rated location, so you know where to send people first.
KI & Medical Supplies
This is your NBC supply checklist. It comes pre-loaded with recommended quantities for a group, grouped into categories: potassium iodide, radiation treatment, decontamination supplies, radiation PPE, chemical/biological PPE, medications and antidotes, and detection equipment.
Using it
- Type your real On Hand count in each row. The status dot and percent update as you type.
- Red means a critical shortfall (under 25 percent), amber means low, green means adequate.
- For items with a shelf life, set the Expiration month. Items expiring within six months turn red so you can rotate them.
- The Rec'd column is editable too; adjust it to your group size.
- + CUSTOM ITEM adds anything not on the list. ↻ DEFAULTS restores the recommended quantities without touching your on-hand counts.
The summary bar across the top gives you an at-a-glance readiness percentage, your critical/low/adequate counts, KI stock level, and whether you have a working radiation monitor.
Response Protocols
Four tabs, one per threat type: Nuclear / Fallout, Chemical, Biological, and Radiological. Each is an ordered checklist of actions, grouped by how urgent they are.
- Urgency bands are color-coded: immediate, within 15 minutes, within the hour, ongoing, and decision points. Do the immediate items first, top to bottom.
- Each step has a short why line and a doctrine source so you can trust it.
- Tap the box to check a step off. A progress bar shows how far through the sequence you are. This is most useful during a drill.
- ␡ RESET ALL clears the checkboxes so you can run the drill again.
Decontamination
Decon means getting the hazard off of people, food, water, equipment, and your shelter. The module has reference procedures on four tabs (Personnel, Food & Water, Equipment & Shelter, Waste Disposal) plus an Event Log.
- Each procedure expands to numbered steps with safety notes. Click a procedure header to open it.
- The Event Log records each decon you perform: date/time, type, how many people, the method, and the outcome (clean, partial, or still contaminated). Click + LOG EVENT to add a row.
EMP / Infrastructure Intel
This is an inbox. When you are working in the Area Intel Map and you push an infrastructure item (a substation, power line, pipeline, and so on) to VECTOR, it lands here for EMP and geomagnetic-disturbance threat assessment. You do not type anything in; items arrive from the map. A badge on the sidebar shows how many are waiting.
If the inbox is empty, that simply means nothing has been pushed yet. Use the VECTOR button on a facility in the Area Intel Map to send one here.
Chemical Hazard Sites
Another inbox, for fixed chemical hazards near you. When you push a hazmat facility from the Area Intel Map (EPA TRI, RCRA, or RMP), it appears here with its risk level, chemicals on site, distance and bearing from your area, and any worst-case release radius.
Printing your binder
Open Generate Docs from the sidebar. The big button at the top, PRINT COMPLETE BINDER, builds one continuous document with a cover sheet and every section, each starting on its own page. That is the one to use for your 3-ring binder.
Below it are six individual sections you can print one at a time:
- Shelter Assessment Report — your Module 02 shelters and their Protection Factors.
- Supply Inventory & Deficit — your Module 03 inventory with shortfalls flagged.
- Response Protocol Cards — all four Module 04 checklists for posting.
- Decon Procedures & Log — the Module 05 procedures plus your event log.
- KI Dosing Card — a wallet card of potassium iodide doses by age.
- NBC Threat Quick Reference — a condensed one-page threat sheet.
Each button opens your browser's print dialog. Choose your printer to print, or "Save as PDF" to keep a digital copy. To print this manual itself, use the PRINT / SAVE PDF button at the top of this page.
Glossary of terms
| NBC | Nuclear, Biological, Chemical. The older umbrella term for these threats (newer doctrine adds Radiological and Explosive: CBRN / CBRNE). |
| CBRN | Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear. The current term for the same family of hazards. |
| PF | Protection Factor. Outside radiation dose divided by inside dose. Higher is better; PF 10 means one tenth of the outside dose reaches you. |
| KI | Potassium Iodide. Saturates the thyroid so it cannot absorb radioactive iodine (I-131) from fallout. Protects the thyroid only, and only against radioiodine. |
| Fallout | Radioactive dust and debris that falls back to earth after a surface nuclear burst. The main threat to people outside the blast zone. |
| Rule of 7s | Fallout radiation drops about tenfold for every sevenfold increase in time. At 7 hours it is roughly one tenth of the 1-hour level; at 49 hours, about one hundredth. |
| EMP | Electromagnetic Pulse. A burst of energy from a high-altitude nuclear detonation that can damage unprotected electronics over a very wide area. |
| ARS | Acute Radiation Syndrome. Illness from a large radiation dose in a short time; early signs are nausea and vomiting within hours. |
| SLUDGE | Salivation, Lacrimation, Urination, Defecation, GI distress, Emesis. The cluster of nerve-agent poisoning signs. |
| PPE | Personal Protective Equipment. Masks, suits, gloves, and boot covers that keep the hazard off your body. |
| RDD | Radiological Dispersal Device, a "dirty bomb." Conventional explosive that spreads radioactive material; contamination without a nuclear blast. |
| RMP | Risk Management Plan facility. A site holding enough regulated toxic or flammable material to require a federal worst-case release plan. |
| Decon | Decontamination. Removing the hazard from people, gear, food, water, and surfaces. |
Doctrine sources used throughout VECTOR: FM 3-11 (Multi-Service CBRN Operations); Cresson Kearny, Nuclear War Survival Skills; Joseph Alton, medical references; Kobler/Dutra nuclear survival material; Rawles, preparedness references. VECTOR · Module 23 · © 2026 WATCHMAN Suite, LLC.
Demo sandbox
VECTOR ships with a demo sandbox — a separate copy pre-loaded with a complete worked fallout-and-hazard plan: a below-grade concrete-block shelter (with a frame-wood backup), a full NBC supply list with realistic on-hand counts and a few deliberate warning states (Cipro and the Mark I nerve-agent kits at zero, KI stocked, Zofran expiring), threat checklists for nuclear and nerve-agent scenarios, two decontamination log entries, and two hazard records shown as pushed from the Area Intel Map (a 230 kV substation for EMP exposure and a metal-finishing plant with cyanide and chromic acid). It reads as one coherent plan so you can see how the shelter, supplies, and nearby hazards line up.
Opening and leaving. In the live module, click DEMO in the sidebar under this manual. Inside the demo, that same slot reads RETURN TO LIVE and takes you back. An amber banner across the top of the demo tells you which copy you are in at all times.
Your real data is safe. The demo keeps everything in a completely separate storage slot, including the Area Intel Map hazard inboxes. Nothing you do in the demo can touch your real VECTOR plan, and live map pushes never arrive in the demo.
Resetting. The ↻ RESET DEMO button (top bar and amber banner) discards any changes and restores the sample plan.